How to reduce your energy bills

Energy bills are very high at the moment, but there are a few things you can do to keep your costs as low as possible.

It’s important to review your energy bills to stay informed, be in control and make sure you're not overpaying. 

Learn what’s included, what to look for on your energy bill, and how to take accurate meter readingsOpens in a new window on Energy Saving Trust.

In England you can call Better Housing Better Health for help understanding your billOpens in a new window

It’s usually cheaper to pay by Direct Debit and it will mean you won’t have to worry about missing payments.

It sounds obvious, but the less energy you use the lower your bills will be.

There are plenty of tips and tricks you can use to cut your use. 

Here are some quick ideas to help you cut back: 

• Close your curtains and use draft excluders to stop heat escaping.

• Use your washing machine or dishwasher at a lower temperature, or run them on the ‘eco’ setting – and avoid putting the washing on when you don’t have a full load.

• Get into the habit of switching off lights when you leave a room and switching off electrical items instead of leaving them on standby. 

These improvements could help you save you hundreds of pounds a year. Even if you don’t qualify for a grant, these investments should help you start saving money quite quickly.

Find out more about energy savings grants across the UK in our guide How to pay for home improvements.

It’s worth checking if you can get cheaper energy bills by switching supplier or tariff (the deal you’re on).  

You can compare energy deals using comparison sites, like: 

• MoneySavingExpert’s Cheap Energy ClubOpens in a new window
  
• Which?Opens in a new window

The comparison sites listed above only work in England, Scotland and Wales, if you’re in Northern Ireland you can find more information about the suppliers you can switch toOpens in a new window on Which?

It’s usually cheaper to pay by monthly Direct Debit, rather than cash or cheque.

A prepayment meter (PPM) works like a ‘pay-as-you-go’ tariff for gas or electricity. You need to pay for energy before you can use it by adding credit to your meter.

You usually get a smart card or a token which you can top up online, by phone or at a PayPoint, PayZone or Post Office.

Some energy suppliers also allow you to add credit to your PPM via a mobile phone app. Citizens Advice has help if you have problems topping upOpens in a new window PPMs are also called pay-as-you-go meters, prepaid meters, and keypad meters in Northern Ireland.

The main benefit of prepayment meters is that you won’t spend more than you have – this can help you stick to a budget.

A PPM can be a useful tool to help you keep on top of your energy use.

You might be forced to have a prepayment meter, but only as a last resort if you owe your supplier money. Your supplier can force-fit a prepayment meter by warrant or by remotely switching your smart meter, but only after they have taken all reasonable steps to agree an alternative payment plan with you.

Your supplier cannot make you move to prepayment if it wouldn’t be safe or practical and must follow the rules setOpens in a new window by Ofgem, the energy regulator. 

In addition to Ofgem's existing rules, it has also introduced the Involutory PPM Code of Practice which sets high standards for how suppliers must behave, seeks to prevent bad practice and offer additional protection.

Find out if you can stop being moved onto a prepayment meterOpens in a new window on Citizen’s Advice. 

Since November 2023, all suppliers in England, Scotland and Wales must follow strict rules for when they can and cannot forcibly install a prepayment meter.

You cannot be forced to use a PPM if:

• your debt is less than three months after the bill has been issued
• you owe less than £200 for gas or electricity
• you’re in the process of moving to a repayment plan.

You can download Ofgem’s full code of practiceOpens in a new window

The Utility Regulator is responsible for the governance of energy suppliers in Northern Ireland and has its own code of practice.

The code states that before your supplier installs a prepayment meter in your home for debt reasons, they must clearly explain:

• the terms and conditions of the repayment arrangement
• how much of each top-up will be used to repay your debt (this cannot be more than 40%)
• what to do if you cannot afford the repayment arrangement.

You can find out more on the Utility Regulator’s websiteOpens in a new window

If you have a pre-payment meter, you can still switch energy providers. At the moment there aren’t many deals available for less than the price cap, however you should check regularly to see if there are new fixed deals you can switch to. Some energy companies are only offering fixed tariffs to existing customers, so you might not even need to switch.  

You might find that the price fix you want isn’t available for prepayment customers. If that’s the case, none of the big six suppliers will charge to switch you to a credit meter (where you pay for energy after you use it) which can be cheaper.  

You will probably have to undergo a credit check and your energy account will need to be debt free.

A smart meter can help you track your use of energy so you can try to reduce how much you use and when. 

Checking your smart meter regularly is important to make sure your readings are correct. Even though it works automatically, double-checking occasionally helps catch any mistakes and ensures your energy bills match what you actually use.

When your fixed plan ends, your supplier will put you on their standard variable tariff. With the high energy prices we’re facing at the moment, this will be the Ofgem price cap. The price cap limits the amount you pay, although ask about any cheaper fixed rate tariffs that might be available to new or existing customers.  

If you're near the end of a fixed plan, you won't have to pay a fee to leave it and move to a new tariff – provided your switch completes within the last 49 days of your current deal.

Find out more about the price cap in our guide What to do if your energy bill is high.

With a fixed price energy tariff, you won’t be affected by price rises during the contract. New fixed rate deals at slightly below the price cap are starting to enter the market. It’s up to you whether you want the certainty of locking in current prices or if you’d rather wait to see if the price cap goes down.

If you do choose a fixed rate tariff and, energy prices fall, you will still be paying the old, higher rate until the end of the contract. 

If you want to switch again before it ends some fixed tariffs have exit fees that you’ll need to pay to leave. 

Getting a fixed tariff also doesn’t mean you’ll pay the same amount for each bill. It’s the tariff that stays the same and your energy bill will rise and fall with your use.

Sometimes you might be using more energy than the amount your energy supplier had predicted you would use.

This is more of a problem if you’re on a Direct Debit, or don’t send your meter reading to your energy supplier regularly.

If you’re on a fixed payment instalment plan and are using more energy than you’re being charged for, your supplier might send you a catch-up bill. This is a bill for the extra energy you’ve used above the amount you’ve paid for.

If you’re switching, you could be sent a catch-up bill. This will depend on how accurately you’ve been charged for your energy use.

Energy backbilling sets out rules for sending you catch-up bills. They can be for any amount but can’t be for energy used more than 12 months ago.

Not being able to afford to heat or power your home can be worrying. However, there is help available if you’re struggling.

It’s important to get in touch with your supplier to ask for help before you miss a payment.

If you’re struggling with money or repaying a debt, options include:

• reviewing bill payment plans, including debt you might be repaying in instalments
• payment breaks, or reductions in how much you pay
• having longer to repay what you owe
• switching to a prepayment meter
• access to hardship funds – in exceptional cases.

If you’re struggling with bills and payments, our quick, easy-to-use Bill prioritiser helps you understand which bills and payments to deal with first and how to avoid missing any payments. 

Find out who your gas or electricity supplier is, and their contact details, on a recent energy bill.

If you get benefits, you might be able to pay back money you owe your energy supplier using the Fuel Direct Scheme.

This works by automatically taking a set amount from your benefits to pay your debt, plus an extra amount to cover your energy use.

Warm Welcome is a charity offering thousands of free spaces across the UK including libraries, cafes, and community centres.  Find out more about free Warm Welcome SpacesOpens in a new window 

Councils across the country are opening community spaces for people to keep warm for free during the day during the colder months.   

Find your local councilOpens in a new window on GOV.UK for locations and opening times.

If you think the monthly payments you’re being asked to make are excessive and you already have a lot of credit in your account, you can ask your supplier to change them. The Ofgem code for suppliers that applies in England, Scotland and Wales states that they should set a fair Direct Debit and be able to explain to you why that amount is reasonable. If they can’t, you can ask your supplier to refund some of your credit. In Northern Ireland, its regulated by the Utility RegulatorOpens in a new window, if you think your bill is wrong speak to your provider or you can go to the Consumer Council for helpOpens in a new window

MoneySavingExpert has a calculator to help you work out what your monthly payment should beOpens in a new window  

Winter energy bills are usually much higher than summer ones, so instead of charging you for what you use each month suppliers will often take your yearly usage and divide it into 12 chunks, so the cost is more evenly spread. This could explain why you’re being charged for more than you’re using. To make sure your bills are correct, check your meter readings regularly. If you have a smart meter, it sends readings automatically.

A dual fuel tariff simply means you get both your gas and electricity from the same energy supplier.   

Many fixed, online and standard tariffs will offer a dual fuel option.  

Many dual fuel tariffs also offer a discount for taking both gas and electricity from the same company.  

It can be more convenient to deal with one supplier than have two separate suppliers for gas and electricity. Sometimes it can work out cheaper but it’s not always the cheapest option.

Find out more about energy tariffsOpens in a new window on Citizens Advice. 

If you’ve got a complaint, contact your energy provider first. Your supplier’s phone number and website will be on your energy bill.

Explain the problem and say what you want your supplier to do about it. You can use free  template  complaints  lettersOpens in a new window from Citizens Advice . (Opens in a new window)

Energy suppliers will then have up to eight weeks to tell you their decision on the complaint.

If you can’t reach an agreement with your supplier after eight weeks, you can ask for a ‘deadlock letter’, which lets you to take your case to the Energy Ombudsman for free.

The Energy Ombudsman will then decide which party it agrees with and how to resolve the issue.

Find out more about  how to make a complaint(Opens in a new window) on Ofgem.

If you live in Northern Ireland and wanted to make a complaint regarding energy, water, transport or postal servicesOpens in a new window, contact the Consumer Council.